3.Ħ Jacques Attali, Breve storia del futuro (Rome: Fazi, 2007), p. 1 (1988), 53–78.ĥ Ruth Wodak, The Politics of Fear: What Right-Wing Populist Discourses Mean (London: Sage, 2015), p. Bosk, ‘The Rise andįall of Social Problems: A Public Arenas Model’, The American Journal of Sociology, 94, no. See also Stephen Hilgartner and Charles L. Lifestyles and perception and sense of belonging.10 From this point of view, the ItalianĤ Jean Delumeau, ‘Una storia della paura’ in Le rivoluzioni del benessere, ed.
#Jacques attali breve historia del futuro pdf professional#
Later, Ralf Dahrendorf described it as a ‘group that is not a group, class that is not aĬlass, social stratum that is not a social stratum’.9 The middle class is actuallyĬonstituted, especially in Italy, by different groups and categories whose boundaries andĬomposition change over time, not only on professional criteria but also on culture, The end of the 1920s, Benedetto Croce spoke of it as ‘an ambiguous historical concept’. The middle class is a social actor that is traditionally extremely difficult to define: at That had reached its apogee in the 1970s has opened a season of uncertainty whoseĮffects are still ongoing.8 At the centre of this storm is the social actor who mostīenefited from the virtuous effects of the golden age: the middle class. Welfare state and the other values, ideologies and forms of representation thatĬontributed to shaping the so-called affluent society. The second post-war years: the Fordist production system, state interventionism, the The ‘end of certainties,’ to cite Ilya Prigogine,7 is actually one of the mainĬharacteristics of the postmodern condition it is the fruit of the transformation processĪnd of the crisis that has hit the pillars on which the Western society was founded since The precarious condition from which it thought it had escaped.6 All this seems to haveĬonfirmed one of the key problems of the advanced societies that Jacques Attali hadįoretold some years ago: the middle class, the main actor of the developed marketĭemocracy, is living in a world in which, as in its worst nightmares, it has to cope with Rise of many right-wing populisms in Italy as in the rest of Europe. Political decision making and so forth.’5 These feelings have largely been the basis of the The growing gap between rich and poor disaffection to the lack of transparency of Losing national autonomy fear of losing old traditions and values fear of climate change ĭisappointment and even disgust with mainstream politics and corruption anger about Pessimism’ is long: ‘fear of losing one’s job fear of ‘strangers’ (i.e., migrants), fear of
(6)Ĭollective hysteria and moral panic.4 The list of this ‘multitude of fears, disaffection and 410–13.ģ See Gianni Silei, Le radici dell’incertezza: storia della paura tra Otto e Novecento (Manduria: Lacaita, 2008)Īnd Silei, I fantasmi della Golden Age: paura e incertezza nell’immaginario collettivo dell’Europa occidentale
Nevertheless, they are not exclusively linked to the crisis and recession thatīroke out at the beginning of the new millennium.3Īs in other previous moments of crisis and social change, this particular context hasĭetermined - in the words of Jean Delumeau - a sort of ‘procession of fears’, triggeringġ Valerio Castronovo, Le paure degli italiani (Milan: Rizzoli, 2004).Ģ See John Foot, The Archipelago: Italy since 1945 (London: Bloomsbury, 2018), pp. Of the fears of the Italian middle class are common to those of the same social actors inĮurope. Should be emphasized that this collective feeling does not represent an exception: many Sense of insecurity, which affects many social strata but is particularly present in theĪlthough some of the causes behind this sentiment are peculiar to the Italian case, it Represents a sort of common thread in Italian history, but there is little sign that this John Foot recently pointed out, ‘a sense of crisis and transformation’ The following years has contributed to causing disruptive effects in terms of domestic The subsequent developments have further confirmed this disorientation, which in Middle class’ represented the core element of his analysis.1 Stalled development of the Italian economy. Valerio Castronovo published a short study focussed on economic ailments and the
N 2004, JUST BEFORE THE FINANCIAL CRISIS PROVOKED A RECESSION ON A GLOBAL SCALE, Pensare all'anima, uscì nel cortile come un pazzo, barcollando, e andavaĪmmazzando a colpi di bastone le sue anitre e i suoi tacchini, e strillava: Sicché quando gli dissero che era tempo di lasciare la sua roba, per The Roots of Fear amongst the Italian Middle Class
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